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CarolAnn
03-23-2008, 06:51 AM
These are general directions that may need to be adjusted for your particular machine; however, they should work for most.
Top Thread Path
1. Put the spool of thread on the spool pin on the top of the machine, on the right end, just left of the belt wheel.
2. feed the thread through the eyelet(s) on the top of the machine, to the far left end.
3. The thread path is now down to the tensioner. This is the small protrusion on the front side of the machine, down about half way on the arm. There are two tension plates held with a spring. The tension put on the spring can be increased or decreased by turning the knob that sticks out of the front of the tensioner. (more on this later!)
4. The thread path is now back up. You are still working on the left end of the machine. Sticking out of a slot is a small rod with an eyelet or thread hook. This rod pulls the thread - it goes up and down as you turn the belt wheel either by hand or with the treadle. Each pass up pulls the thread out slightly for another stitch.
5. After this eyelet or hook, the thread passes down again to a fixed eyelet near the bottom of the arm.
6. The final guide before threading the needle is right on the part that holds the needle - this is called the needle bar.
7. The needle will either be threaded from left to right or front to back. NEVER from right to left or back to front!
You'll know by how the needle is set. You may need to move the belt wheel a bit to bring the needle completely up so it will be easier to thread.

Needle Placement
To set or replace the needle:
Raise the needle bar to it's highest point and loosen the needle clamp screw. It may be helpful to get a small mirror to help you see closely how the needle fits. Usually there is a hole with one flat side. If your needle also has a flat side, it is obvious that the flat goes to flat. There are also grooves on the needles - one long one and one short one. The short groove always faces the flat side of the receiving hole in the needle bar.

Be sure the needle is pushed all the way up to the stop pin before you tighten the needle clamp screw.

It is very important to use sharp needles of the right size and type for your machne, and also for the type of fabric you are using. Never use a dull needle or one with the tip bent over - it simply will not work right.

You are now only half way done, because you still need to thread the bobbin and shuttle!

If your machine has long bobbins, as most treadles did, winding one the first time is an amazing process!

CarolAnn
03-23-2008, 07:15 AM
Winding the Bobbin

On the right end of the machine is the hand wheel. It is made so that you can easily turn it by hand for careful, controlled stitching. On the hub of the wheel is a friction nut - a large affair that has knurled edges to make it easy to grip.
http://i178.photobucket.com/albums/w246/carolwyborny/BobbinWinder1.jpg *

1. Hold the wheel steady with your left hand and turn the friction nut counter clockwise to disconnect the mechanism that pumps the needle up and down. Now you can treadle as fast as you want without the needle slamming around. (Dangerous, as well as causing unnecessary wear on the parts!)

2. The bobbin winder is the small unit somewhat under and to the left of the belt, on the face of the machine. The thread guide rests on a heart-shaped cam, so it is easy to recognize.

I choose to use a second spool of thread to wind bobbins, since I don't want to take the time to rethread the top part of the machine. I simply take the first spool off and place it out of the way when I put the second spool on the spool pin on top of the machine. You may choose to wind several bobbins before you thread the needle - either way works fine.

2. There is a spring loaded holder for the bobbin. Pull out the little pin on the left side and pop the bobbin into the small socket in the bobbin winder. Release the pin and the spring will hold the bobbin snugly in place.

3. Pull the bobbin winder toward you (out from the top, as it hinges on the bottom) - until the small wheel on the end comes in contact with the treadle belt. Pull it out as far as it will go, because it needs to be in tight contact with the belt to operate.
http://i178.photobucket.com/albums/w246/carolwyborny/BobbinWinder2.jpg

4. Take the thread from the spool down to the eyelet above the needle. This path will give a small amount of tension to the thread, needed to keep the spool from spinning too fast and not making an even, firm wind onto the bobbin. Now bring the thread from the left of the machine back over to the right . Catch the end of the thread between the brass end of the bobbin and the spindle socket, then to the upper end of the thread guide on the winder. From here, it goes to another eyelet on the bottom of the winder.

5. Hand-turn the wheel to start the wind and to take the slack out of the thread. Slowly start the treadle and speed up as you gain confidence that the bobbin is winding properly.

To me, it is still amazing to watch the heart-shaped cam turn as it weaves back and forth across the long bobbin. What a lovely bit of engineering from more than 100 years ago!

Make sure you don't wind more thread on the bobbin than the outside edge of the brass ends, or it won't be able to turn properly inside of the shuttle.

CarolAnn
03-23-2008, 07:23 AM
Loading the Shuttle
http://i178.photobucket.com/albums/w246/carolwyborny/Shuttle1.jpg
The shuttle is a chromed, bullet shaped tube with one *sharp pointy end and a hole in the other end to slide in the loaded bobbin. There are several small metal parts that will put tension on the thread and insure even stitches. Getting the shuttle right is critical, so I will scan bits of my old manual and post the pictures.

http://i178.photobucket.com/albums/w246/carolwyborny/shuttle2.jpg

http://i178.photobucket.com/albums/w246/carolwyborny/shuttle3.jpg
http://i178.photobucket.com/albums/w246/carolwyborny/shuttle4.jpg

If the thread is not feeding out from the right direction, or the screw that sets tension too tight, you may have puckered stitches or thread that continually breaks, causing frustaration and wasted time and materials. In the above photo, the tension screw is visible near the thumb of the left hand. You should be able to pull the thread smoothly, with a firm tug - tighten or loosen the screw with a small screwdriver as needed for the firm tension needed.


Done properly, the process is smooth and even, with firm, beautiful stitches showing on both sides of the fabric, and a process that is a joy to complete!

The above instructions are a combination of my own experience with some major plagarism from the early 1900's Sears Franklin Treadle guide. If I have errors or ommissions, I welcome correction!